Mastering Technology- Operations and Supply chain managment Assignment

Mastering Technology- Operations and Supply chain managment - Assignment Example Best value supply chains are designed to deliver superior services to customers in terms of the five performance objectives-quality, speed, dependability, flexibility, and cost. This paper will discuss Toyota Motor Corporation’s performance in the light of these five performance objectives and assess how the application of modern techniques in operations management can support the organisation’s five performance objectives. A brief overview of the TMC Toyota Motor Corporation (TMC), simply termed as Toyota, is a Japan based multinational automaker. The organisation was founded on 28th August 1937 by Kiichiro Toyoda. In 2011, Toyota was the world’s third largest automobile manufacture in terms of production and the company employed 300,734 people globally as of 2010. Toyota Motor Corporation is the part of the Toyota Group and has a presence in almost all parts of the globe. Performance objectives of TMC According to Slack et al, quality, speed, dependability, fle xibility, and cost represent a basic set of five performance objectives that can be applied to all operations (Kossmann 2006, p.45). In the following session, Toyota’s performance is discussed in the light of these five performance objectives Quality Quality is the most important performance objective because it is believed to be the major factor influencing the performance of organisations. â€Å"Quality is defined as the totality of features and characteristics of a product, process or service that bear on its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs† (Bart 2006, p.179). It seems that TMC performs outstandingly in terms of product/service quality. From different third-party customer surveys, Toyota’s vehicles are consistently ranked on the top. In addition, Toyota’s different car models have been selected as â€Å"the car of the year† many times by third party market researches and surveys. The company has developed a series of advanced quality features to limit the emission of unpleasant and harmful fumes and to enhance passenger safety. Toyota has improved quality control and quality assurance systems that have been developed over many years (‘Toyota’s approach to quality). The company considers customer satisfaction as the core of its operations and it fosters the involvement of all employees, from ground level to top level, in quality control activities (ibid). Speed Speed or speed of response is another performance objective and is a criterion for evaluating the operational efficiency of an organisation in terms of doing things fast. In other words, speed can be defined as the time period between the order and delivery of products/services (‘process design’). Every firm tries to minimise this time period, and instead increase speed with intent to provide customers with competitive advantages. TMC has developed simple, flexible, and robust technologies to reduce complexity in its operations s o as to fasten overall supply chain activities. It is interesting to note that the Toyota maintains a high output per worker as compared to other leading multinational automakers; and at the beginning of the 21st century, Toyota Burnaston (UK plant) had achieved an

Medical Marijuana Ethical Issues Essay Example for Free

Medical Marijuana Ethical Issues Essay There are a number of ethical issues that a nurse faces while in the clinical setting. One of these issues deals with using marijuana as medicine to treat patients. There has been controversy over medical marijuana ever since it was discovered that patients respond to it. There are many arguments supporting the use of medical marijuana in the health care field and many arguments in opposition of its use. The United States Congress classifies marijuana as a Schedule I substance meaning it has high abuse potential and is of no medical value. However, â€Å"physicians and the general public alike are in broad agreement that marijuana shows promise in combating diverse medical illnesses â€Å"(Bostwick, 2012). As a nurse, it is important to understand both the pros and cons of medical marijuana before forming an opinion on the issue. Having all the information necessary will allow a nurse to better care for a patient in circumstances where their beliefs and values are different from your own. The number one benefit of marijuana in healthcare is its use in treating symptoms that cannot be controlled as well by other medications. One example of this that has been supported by extensive research is in patients who are undergoing chemotherapy for cancer who have reported that marijuana controls symptoms of nausea and vomiting, increases appetite, and improves sleep. One study, in which 362 participants undergoing chemotherapy who had breast, colon, lung, lymphoma, or other malignancies showed that â€Å"cannabinoids are more effective than placebo and comparable to antiemetics such as prochlorperazine and ondansetron for chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting† (Cotter, 2009). Marijuana is also useful for a variety of psychiatric disorders. According to an article from Clinical Psychiatry News, â€Å"about 75% of respondents said they used marijuana for psychiatric disorders, including bipolar disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, and persistent insomnia. Unlike some psychiatric drugs, they said, marijuana didn’t leave them feeling like zombies† (Otto, 2012). Another way marijuana is medically beneficial is in stimulating appetite in patients experiencing weight loss and wasting syndrome associated with AIDS. The results of one experiment, in which THC in the form of dronabinol was studied in patients with AIDS-associated cachexia, â€Å"showed it effective in increasing weight as well as being well tolerated† (Hollister, 2001). These are only a few examples of how medical marijuana has been of benefit. There are numerous other conditions and diseases in which marijuana has been proven to be effective including Alzheimer’s disease, epilepsy, Multiple Sclerosis, Glaucoma, Arthritis, Depression, Anxiety, and Hepatitis C. While marijuana is clearly beneficial in many ways, it is also important to consider the negative effects. One concern is the negative effects of smoking marijuana on the lungs. According to an article from Canadian Nurse, â€Å"Marijuana smoke contains more tar and toxins than tobacco smoke. One joint is equal to two and a half cigarettes in terms of lung damage† (Halpern, 2010). Smoking marijuana over a long period of time can lead to bronchitis and emphysema. Although there are oral â€Å"cannabinoid† medications to prevent problems to the lungs, the oral forms can also have negative side effects including dizziness, sedation, and intoxication. Another negative component to consider is the possibility of becoming addicted to marijuana, which is a big concern to those who use marijuana frequently for therapeutic and nontherapeutic uses. The ethical issue of medical marijuana can have an impact on a nurse’s ability to perform their job. For example, if a patient comes in and lets a nurse know they are smoking marijuana for symptom control because it is the only thing that helps and yet a nurse knows they are acquiring the drug illegally, it poses questions as to whether or not the nurse should support the patient’s continued use or try to talk them into alternatives. A nurse should also be concerned as to whether it is breaking the law and if there could be legal ramifications for not turning the patient in. Many agencies deal with these concerns by offering nurse’s the option to refuse to assist a patient if a situation arises that violates their religious or moral beliefs. However, this is only true in cases where a patient is in no danger. While the issue of marijuana use is still controversial today, a total of eighteen states in the US as well as Washington, DC have enacted laws to legalize medical marijuana. As more states are starting to join in the legalization of medical marijuana, it is important for nurses to know both the pros and cons so they are able to consider their ethical opinion on the issue.

Argument for the Existence of God :: Religion, Theology

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The following paper will provide a sound argument in favor of the existence of God. By demonstrating that an Atheist world cannot account for the preconditions of the laws of logic an Atheist cannot even account for a rational debate concerning the existence of God.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The impossibility of the contrary†, the best and only proof that the nesesary truth of the existence of God is his revelation of himself to us that makes it possible for us to use logic. This could be translated, using only nessesary truths, into the form of:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  L: (laws of logic)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  G: (God exists)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   if L entails G L   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ================   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   G Logic is â€Å"the laws of reasoning that God has established.† If God has established these laws of reasoning that we call logic then how could the Atheist system account for the laws of logic. First they are immaterial and universal, and how could anything immaterial and universal be accounted for in a naturalistic (matter only) universe. Second if God has established these laws of reasoning then there would be no atheism. An Atheist wants to believe in laws of logic which are universal in application, but in order to escape the ultimate implications of this idea ( there is a God who imposes universal standards of reason.), the Atheist will try to maintain that the â€Å"laws of logic† are merely â€Å" conventions† of general agreement amongst them. This is philosophically non- acceptable, if logic were simply a matter of convention, it would be impossible

An Indian Democracy Essay -- Essays Papers

An Indian Democracy Donald Grinde is the author of The Iroquois and the Founding of the American Nation, one of the earliest books to argue for an Indian influence on the formation of the American democracy. Since Grinde’s publication and Bruce Johansen’s a year later, there has been a great deal of debate over this issue. Many of the most prominent opponents of the influence thesis have failed to distinguish between the arguments of more extreme authors, such as Gregory Schaaf, who claim that the Iroquois Gayanashagowa was copied by the U.S. Constitution, and those with a more moderate stance, like Johansen and Grinde, who simply point to a clear influence (Johansen, 1998). This paper intends to argue along the lines of these latter authors. Our founding fathers did not copy the Gayanashagowa or Great Law of Peace, but our Constitution was written with reflection upon the Iroquoian government with the goal of synthesizing this model into a form that could satisfy the needs of the Ameri can people. Given the evidence presented by Grinde and Johansen, it is clear that Native Americans influenced early U. S. political minds—if not directly, then at least indirectly. Elisabeth Tooker is one of the strongest opponents of the claim that there was a native influence on the U. S. democracy. She addressed Schaaf’s extreme claim that the U.S. had copied the Gayanashagowa, which is clearly not the case. Tooker sites differences between the Constitution and the Great Law of Peace such as majority rule rather than unanimous consensus. This line of argument works well to refute Schaaf, who’s evidence is based almost entirely on his analysis of such parallels (Johansen, 1998) Tooker’s overall argument, though, is not effective ... ...en Founders . Ipswich, Massachusetts: Gambit Incorporated Publishers. Johansen, Bruce E (1996). Native American Political Systems and the Evolution of Democracy: an Annotated Bibliography. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. Johansen, Bruce E. (1998). Debating Democracy: Native American Legacy of Freedom. Santa Fe, NM: Clear Light Publishers. Locke, John (1980). Second Treatise of Government. Indiana: Hackett Publishing Company. Moquin, Wayne, ed. (1973). Great Documents in American Indian History. New York: Praeger,. O'Brien, Sharon (1989). American Indian Tribal Governments. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. Parker, Arthur C. (1968). The Constitution of the Five Nations. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press. Rousseau, Jean-Jacques (1968). The Social Contract. Trans. Maurice Cranston. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books.

Macbeth Act 2, scenes 1 and 2 Essay

In Act 2 Banquo is found with his son Fleance, in the courtyard of Macbeth’s castle at â€Å"witching hour†. The night is cold and dark, with fog surrounding the castles boundaries. Banquo is becoming nervous and this is evident from what he says to his son, Fleance, â€Å"Hold, take my sword. – There’s husbandry in heaven, Their candles are all out. – Take thee that too.† Even though it is obvious he would like to rest, he is fearful of nightmares whilst he sleeps, the following quote suggests this, â€Å"A heavy summons lies like lead upon me, And yet I would not sleep; merciful powers, Restrain in me the cursed thoughts that nature Gives way to in response.† As Banquo was patrolling the area he hears a noise, â€Å"Who’s there?† startled and scared at this he says to Fleance, â€Å"Give me my sword.† Banquo is tired and is trying to maintain full alert, showing he is on edge; listening out for any anything and everything that might occur. As Macbeth steps out of the dark, slightly visible by Banquo, Macbeth replies: â€Å"A friend† Banquo feels relieved as he can now put his mind at rest, because he has seen a friendly face at such time of night and hostile surroundings. After Macbeth had been socialising with Banquo, Banquo remembers to ask Macbeth a question that had been troubling him about the witches, â€Å"I dreamed last night of the three weird sisters; To you they showed some truth.† Macbeth tries quickly to change the subject by answering, â€Å"I think not of them;† this is because he does not want to be linked to the murder of Duncan that Macbeth is plotting. Macbeth then tries to bribe Banquo, we see this from â€Å"If you shall cleave to my consent, when ’tis, it shall make honour for you.† By this Macbeth is trying to imply that if Banquo stands by him and stays loyal to him, when he Macbeth needs him, Banquo will not regret it and will be honoured by others. Banquo replies, â€Å"So I lose none In seeking to augment it, but still keep My bosom franchised and allegiance clear, I shall be counselled.† Which basically translates, as long as Banquo does not have to risk his honour in providing his life and can keep a clear conscience, then he will be advised by Macbeth. This indicates that Banquo might be picking up on Macbeth’s intentions on becoming king of Scotland. So far we can see the differences in the two characters personalities. Banquo is a loyal person, kind, open to discussions, friendly and honourable to the king â€Å"Duncan† as well as to his friends and family. On the other hand Macbeth is the complete opposite in every way, he appears to be dishonourable (as we know he is planning Duncan’s murder), a liar, untrustworthy and an actor of personalities. When Macbeth is on his own his mind becomes delusional goes into a frenzy he starts to think about the side affects of his actions, but is hyped up and ready to do the deed of killing Duncan. It is clear from, â€Å"Is this a dagger that I see before me, The handle towards my hand? Come, let me clutch thee: I have thee not, and yet I see thee still,† that Macbeth is hallucinating. However, during the build up to the murder Macbeth continues to be drawn by the image of the dagger to Duncan’s room. â€Å"I see thee still and on thy blade and dudgeon gouts of blood, which was not so before.† From this we are informed that Macbeth has now imagined Duncan’s blood on the dagger, but this does not put Macbeth off as we see from when the bell is rung, which was a sign from Lady Macbeth that the coast was clear. Macbeth does not hesitate as he confidently says, â€Å"I go, and it is done. The bell invites me. Hear it not, Duncan, for it is a knell that summons thee to heaven or to hell. Yet earlier, in Act 1 scene 7 we see that Macbeth had doubts about murdering Duncan as he thinks, â€Å"If it were done when ’tis done, then ’twere well it were done quickly. If th’assassination could trammel up the consequence and catch with his surcease, success, that but his blow might be the be-all and the end all – here†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬  This is where we realise he is feeling uneasy about killing his friend and worrying about the possible consequences. The reason Macbeth changed his mind about murdering Duncan is because Macbeth really wanted to be King more than anything, and once the witches prophesised that this would happen, it made Macbeth more convinced that he should carry out the murder. The changes of his mind show us that Macbeth is easily misled. I feel Macbeth would not have been brave or foolish enough to kill Duncan had his wife not persuaded him to do it as we see from her planning and convincing Macbeth that their murder won’t fail, â€Å"We fail? But screw your courage to the sticking place, and we’ll not fail. When Duncan is asleep, whereto the rather shall his day’s hard journey soundly invite him. Although we have seen Macbeth’s guilt about wanting to kill his friend and someone who he really respects, he is driven to follow through his ambition of becoming king because of his wife, Lady Macbeth. Once Macbeth has killed Duncan he feels guilty which causes him to become hysterical. Although his wife tries to calm him down it is evident that she fails because she instructs him to, â€Å"Go get some water and wash this filthy witness from your hands.† After washing his hands Macbeth still thinks the blood is still on him, due to the burden he is carrying from the dirty deed he carried out. He is so ridden with guilt he cannot even bring himself to say â€Å"Amen† because it is such a religious word, and he knows that now he has committed such a crime, he cannot be a holy person. Macbeth is so tortured in his mind that he imagines he hears a voice cry â€Å"sleep no more†. He feels he will be punished for killing a defenceless man and in return he will be deprived of sleep. He refuses to go back into Duncan’s chamber because the sin he has performed is so great he cannot face up to it again, we learn this from, â€Å"I’ll go no more. I am afraid to think what I have done, look on’t again, I dare not.† The following quotes also confirm his guilt, â€Å"To know my deed, ’twere best not know myself.† Which seems to suggest that he would like to disown himself, and â€Å"Wake Duncan with thy knocking: I would thou couldst† implies that Macbeth wishes that Duncan would wake up at the sound of the noises Macbeth hears. Lady Macbeth is not able to fight off Macbeth’s mood swings and conscience. She is trying to be positive and tries to have an optimistic answer for all his negative comments. We see this many times, one example is after Macbeth has killed Duncan he says, â€Å"This is a sorry sight†, but his wife replies â€Å"A foolish thought, to say a sorry sight.† Act 2 ends with Macbeth continuing to feel guilty and on edge with every noise he hears.   

Monumental Stages in Real Freedom essays

Monumental Stages in Real Freedom essays Reconstruction started in 1865 with the end of slavery. Most people felt that the end of slavery will result in freedom, but in actuality it was just the beginning of the fight for freedom in America for African Americans. I believe that there are three monumental stages of the fight for African Americans rights. Religion, Education, and Politics put African Americans exactly where they needed to be to go to war with America. The black church kept a lot of African Americans from going crazy. It was the only place that they could go without worrying about the white folks. African Americans related to Jesus due to the way he was reticule and tortured by people. The bible taught them faith and they believed in it whole heartedly. The church also helped people that where in need, provided schools, and supported political leaders. In the text book The African-American Odyssey Volume Two: Since 1865 pg 265-267 explains the different types of churches in African American History. Apparently the Baptist and Methodist churches were founded by former slaves. They were very independent and the sermon was usually stated very uncomplicated. There were two divisions in Methodist churches. The African Methodist Episcopal (AME) church which was developed in 1816 by some African Americans who were discriminated against in a Methodist Church in Philadelphia. http://search.eb.com/blackhistory/micro/7/61.html The Colored Methodist Episcopal (CME) church was established with white and black Methodists. The white Methodist wanted to keep politics out of the church and concentrate on just the spiritual concept. Of course, that method did not work to well. The Presbyterian Congregational and Episcopal churches were geared toward the more successful African Americans. As stated in the Meaning of Freedom text page 267, Freedom and education were inseparable. To remain illiterate after emancipation was ...

Third Amendment Paper and Case Essay Essay Example

Third Amendment Paper and Case Essay Essay Example Third Amendment Paper and Case Essay Paper Third Amendment Paper and Case Essay Paper The 3rd amendment provinces that No Soldier shall. in clip of peace be quartered in any house. without the consent of the Owner. nor in clip of war. but in a mode to be prescribed by jurisprudence. This means that no 1 should be evicted because some soldiers want to remain someplace. The soldiers are merely allowed to remain in a person’s abode if the proprietors consent to it. By seting this amendment in The Bill of Rights it limited the power the armed forces could hold. The historical case in points that existed before this amendment was created were that British soldiers were come ining people’s abodes and began to populate at that place. This non merely invaded the people populating the places privacy but it created tenseness and a manner for the soldiers to descry on the enemy. Engblom v. Carey is the lone known and documented instance that violates the 3rd amendment right. Engblom v. Carey was a U. S. tribunal instance decided by the Second Circuit Court of Appeals. Hugh L. Carey was being sued because he evicted province penitentiary functionaries so he could house the National Guard. This was because the functionaries were on work stoppage and the National Guard were functioning as impermanent guards. Though this instance was clearly against Carey he came out on top. I believe that Carey should hold lost the instance because it clearly states in the 3rd amendment that soldiers shall non be quartered in 1s house without the proprietors consent. The instance is the same instance as the instance discussed in place paper one. The ground for that is that there is merely one known instance associating to the 3rd amendment. This amendment does non hold any benefits nor does it hold any drawbacks on today’s society. There are no wars or conflicts being fought today in the U. S. and that gives us no demand to one-fourth soldiers in 1s abode. Since there is no necessity to house soldiers in the U. S. in 1s abode it does non impact me in any manner nor has it affected many others.